personal training – Tony Gentilcore

Training Strategies to Produce Your Own Army of Terminators

I wish I had someone sit me down when I first started in this industry to better explain programming. On one hand I guess it ended up working out, because I wrote a gazillion million kajillion programs over the course of my career and there’s really no better way to gain expertise on a topic than to actually do it.

There’s no other option but to get good at it.

(I’ll save the obvious self-deprecating jab at myself here about not having any girlfriends in high school here)

That said, it really would have saved me a lot of time and second guessing myself if I had a little “cheat sheet of programming wizardry” to help guide me and make my clients into invincible Terminators. Well kiddos…

…today is my gift to you.

What follows is by no means all encompassing nor the panacea of programming. But I think it’s a pretty good starting point for most new trainers and coaches in the industry and I hope it will serve as the bedrock for the bulk of their bulk of programming needs moving forward.

And before I go on, full-credit to Tasha Wolf Whelan who’s talent, expertise, and general badassery served as the inspiration for this compilation. The charts below have been adapted from her.

Linear Periodization

Pretty much ALL beginners will (and should) start with a Linear Periodization scheme. This not only introduces the concept of progressive overload to them, but does so in a fashion that’s not overwhelming or complicated. And, in all honesty: most general population clients will LIVE here for the duration of their training career.

3×8-12 will take someone a very long way in their training. Trust me: Phil from accounting doesn’t need contrast sets or Eastern Bloc periodization schemes to peak for his family trip to Toledo this summer.

Obviously the goal is not to keep someone at 3×8-12 the entire time. However, you’d be surprised as to just how long this can go on for. The idea is to start with a load and stay there until 3×12 is achieved on ALL sets.

Week 1: 100 x 10, 9, 8

via GIPHY

Week 2: 100×12,10,10

via GIPHY

Week 3: 100×12,12,11

via GIPHY

Week 4: 100×12,12,12

Boom shaka-laka. Increase load and get to work.

Rinse, wash, repeat.

The bigger picture of Linear Periodization is that you’ll typically begin with a low(er) set/high(er) rep scheme using light to moderate loads and progress to high(er) set/low(er) rep schemes using moderate to heavy loads.

For the visual learners it may look something like this:

Weeks 1-4: 3×8-12
Weeks 5-8: 4×6-8
Weeks 9-12: 5×4-6

As the weeks progress the volume (total number of sets being done) is staying relatively the same, but the intensity (loads being lifted) is increasing.

Fixed Loading

A logical progression from Linear Periodization is something called Fixed Loading. Once a trainee begins to understand how to load his or her’s body and knows what their upper limits are, Fixed Loading is a great option to help push the envelope into more aggressive training.

The idea is to set a fixed load and to then hit a goal number of reps within a training session.

Something to consider here is that the load being used should “match” the rep scheme. Meaning, a higher total rep count would insinuate someone would be using a lighter load and vice versa. A good example would look like this:

Trap Bar Deadlift

32 reps @ 225 (6-8 reps per set)
.
.
.
12 reps @ 300 (2-3 reps per set)

Undulated Periodization

From there, one option that’s massively popular is UNDULATED PERIODIZATION. In short, the concept behind this method is to focus on a specific rep scheme/agenda per workout (or given microcycle; think week to week), or in other words…easy days, medium days, and hard days (from an intensity standpoint).

This is a popular scheme used by many strength & conditioning coaches working with athletes given athletes will typically have “competing” demands (practice, game days, travel, weight-room, etc) depending on the time of year (in-season vs. off-season). However, this is also a very doable approach for many gen pop clients (intermediate to advanced) as it allows for a bit more training variety and provides a different or unique stimulus per training session.

The two most common ways to implement undulated periodization is via a weekly emphasis or a session to session emphasis. Meaning, if you take the weekly approach each session within a week will mirror one another in terms of the end goal.

Week 1: Heavy (all exercises – or at least the main exercises – are completed in the 3-5 rep range)
Week 2: Medium (all exercises completed in the 8-12 rep range)
Week 3: Light (all exercises completed in the 15+ rep range)

The second option is where each session hits every stimulus. The easiest example would be to take the “big 3” (squat, bench press, deadlift) and break if down that way:

Day 1: Squat variation (heavy), bench press accessory (medium), deadlift accessory (light)
Day 2: Bench Press variation (heavy), deadlift accessory (medium), squat accessory (light)
Day 3: Deadlift variation (heavy), squat accessory (medium), bench press accessory (light)

Stage Loading

Next up Stage Loading. This is a unique way of training I adopted during my days coaching at Cressey Sports Performance. In a nutshell your client or athlete will ramp up to a challenging (heavy) few sets of 3-6 reps and then perform a few back off sets at a lighter load within a high(er) rep scheme. When you think about it: It’s PAP (post activation potentiation) training 101. Lift heavy shit to “potentiate” more motor unit firing and recruitment, then when you back off, those subsequent loads will end up feeling lighter and less like you’re going to shit a spleen…

…comparatively speaking.

Here’s a quick example of what this would look like:

Front Squats

Ramp up to a challenging “stage” of 3×3 (these sets should be close to an RPE 9/10)
Don’t die.
Back off with another “stage” of 1-2 sets of 10 (added volume)

From there you can periodize things to look like this:

Week 1: 3×3, 1×10
Week 2: 3×3, 1×8 (<— a little heavier)
Week 3: 3×3, 1×5 (<— heavier)
Week 4: 3×3, 2×5

You can also invert the back off sets to begin with 2×5 and end with high(er) rep sets as the week progresses. There are endless permutations here and no ONE right way.

Rest/Pause and Cluster Sets

Speaking candidly, I don’t use any of the following modalities until someone has had a consistent 1-2 years of training under their belt. But I have to say…these are all really fun and I have used both these modalities with beginners in the past to help with work capacity and introduce them to heavier loads in a safe manner.

Important Caveat: Rest/Pause and Cluster Training are often lumped together and I understand why; they are very similar to one another. Kind of like how people confuse or think that Saruman and Sauron from Lord of the Rings are the same person.

WHY WON’T YOU LISTEN TO ME AND GET IT OUT OF YOUR THICK SKULL THAT THEY’RE NOT THAT SAME??!?! THEY’RE JUST NOT! (slams door)

Rest/Pause = extended sets to (technical) failure.

Clusters = pre-planned load and rest periods.

I like to use rest/pause training as an accessory to the main lift of the day as a way to add extra volume in. After the main event (say, bench press) they’ll then do some Rest/Pause training as follows:

Set 1: 70% of 1RM for AMAP (as many reps as possible), rest 20-30s, AMAP again, rest 20-30s, one more set to AMAP
Rest 2-5 minutes
Set 2: 65% of 1RM repeating the same protocol

This is also a great option for clients or athletes who are competitive because the objective then is to try to beat their total # of reps week to week.

Clusters are best used with the main lift of the day. The main benefit is that it allows trainees to work with heavier loads compared to the same weight being done as straight sets (and with better technique because fatigue is managed).

Using the deadlift as an example: Goal is three cluster sets of 2 reps @ 85% of 1RM

Cluster #1: 2 reps, rest 15-20s, 2 reps, rest 15-20s, 2 reps
rest 2-4 minutes
Cluster #2: 2 reps, rest 15-20s, 2 reps, rest 15-20s, 2 reps
rest 2-4 minutes
Cluster #3: 2 reps, rest 15-20s, 2 reps, rest 15-20s, 2 reps

When I am feeling extra spicy, I’ll even have clients do GIANT CLUSTER SETS where I set a fixed time (5-10 minutes) and they perform 1-2 reps at a given percentage (75-85%) every 30s. By minute four this is common…

via GIPHY

Wave Loading

Last but not least is Wave Loading, which is another example of postactivation potentiation. The 1st wave more or less “potentiates” the nervous system into thinking the load(s) used for subsequent waves is lighter than normal compared to the same load performed as straight sets.

To quote the great Austin Powers, “Annnnnd, I’m spent.”

I hope that helps generate some programming juices for you and your clients.

April 10, 2026April 12, 2026 Tony Gentilcore

coaching personal training

Looking to Hire a Personal Trainer? Here’s a Short List of Things to Consider

Hiring a personal trainer is a big deal. Maybe not as big of a deal as purchasing a home or a new car (in terms of the initial monetary investment at least), but when you really think about it…

…it’s arguably a more important investment because it’s an investment in YOU. Hiring a coach to guide you, show you the ropes, and help you achieve your health/fitness goals (whether it’s to simply feel better, work around an injury, prepare for a competitive season, or be able to deadlift a bulldozer) in the safest and most time efficient way possible can be tricky.

I mean, there are A LOT of gyms (and personal trainers) out there; so how do you decide to pick one over another? Where do you even begin?

Here Are a Few Simple (and admittedly anecdotal) Guidelines to Consider:

1. Are They Certified?

Tony Gentilcore, CSCS, PhD in General Badassery

Some certifications are better than others (and they’re are some I like better than others), but the “gold standard” certifications to look for are ones through the NSCA, NASM, ACE, and Show Up Fitness CPT. Ensuring that whomever you hire has gone through (and passed) some formal education as it pertains to anatomy, physiology, and basic programming is important to consider.

2. Can They Concisely Describe What It Is They Do?

Watch out for word vomit. Once someone starts describing themselves as a “transformation guru” or, I don’t know, a “body architect,” you have my full permission to queue up an eye roll parade.

They’re a personal trainer or strength & conditioning coach. Or just coach.

That’s it. I often find that when someone slaps on some nebulous title to what it is they do…they’re likely compensating for something.

Which segues to…

3. Do They Offer a Thorough “Assessment” or “Intake” Session?

Any quality trainer will go out of his or her’s way to take you through a proper assessment to better ascertain your current fitness level, discuss injury history & goals, and to consider any “speed bumps” that would prevent you from beginning a fitness routine.

If they don’t…run. If you can’t run, walk. If you can’t walk, in-line lunge (<—- sorry, FMS joke) your way in the opposite direction.

4. Do They Seem Like a Personable Person to Hang Out With?

Sure, you want to hire someone who is knowledgeable, gets results, and places a premium on continuing education, but if having a 10-15 minute initial conversation with them is more painful than walking over broken glass, imagine what an hour will be like?

Some of the most successful coaches I know are just awesome people to hang out with and have superior interpersonal skills. It sounds cheesy, but it matters. Part of what builds consistency with a trainer (and hence, a routine) is the fact you enjoy spending time with them.

Are there myriad other things to consider? Yes, of course. Asking them to provide client testimonials (or even connecting you to current clients so you can ask them what their experiences have been like) would be a good idea. Do they dress professionally? I know this may come across as me being a bit of a curmudgeon, but nothing says “don’t hire me” than someone wearing a cut-off t-shirt.

Lastly, don’t be timid to do a little reconnaissance on anyone you’re considering hiring by checking out their social media. If they’re feed is more about being a performative asshat (me, me, meeeeeeee), showcasing their physical attributes (you know exactly what I mean) than it is about educating or showcasing their clients then I’d question their experience and expertise.

NOTE: I am not saying people can’t have fun, show off their personality, or demonstrate how their pecs or glutes can cut diamonds. But when that’s the ONLY thing they’re doing on their feed that’s a red flag if you ask me.

Also, if they’re into Emily in Paris I’d view that as a unhirable offense.

Just my two cents.

February 4, 2026February 4, 2026 Tony Gentilcore

personal training Program Design Strength Training

The Art of the Indicator Set

The 21st century has graced us with a bevy of technological advances:

High-speed internet.
Telescopes that now treat us to images of Black Holes
Nanotechnology to help improve manufacturing, healthcare, climate change, and agriculture.
Pizza crust made out of cauliflower.

The health/fitness sector has also benefitted. Trainers have the ability to work with clients from all over the world in real-time. We also have the capability to measure things like bar speed and heart rate variability via applications on our phone; all of which provide data to help us gauge our “readiness” to train on any given day.

But seriously, cauliflower is now used to make pizza crust! Even more miraculous is that it doesn’t taste like sawdust.

Technology surely is great.

However, when it comes to ascertaining one’s readiness to train I tend to lean more toward the anti-app route, and instead rely on what I call “INDICTOR SETS.”

What the Heck Is An Indicator Set?

The easiest way to explain is via some anecdotal observances.

I was walking to my gym to train the other day where the plan was to show up, warm-up, crank a little Mobb Deep over the stereo, get angry enough to want to fight a tornado, and work up to a heavy(ish) triple on my deadlift (535 lb).

On paper it looked like a done deal.

But once I started warming up, things didn’t go quite as planned:

135 x 5

225 x 5

315 x 3

405 x 1 (didn’t feel horrible, but didn’t feel great)

455 x 1 (INDICATOR SET)

An indicator set basically lets me know whether or not I have “it” that day.

For instance, in the previous two weeks, 455 lbs (which is ~70% of my 1RM) literally flew up. Based on “feel” of my bar speed, and how effortless the set felt, I knew I could make a run for a high 500’s pull.

Put another way, I gave myself the green light to go for it, and I did.

Conversely, 455 felt like absolute garbage the other day.

It felt slow off the ground. And it felt even slower at lockout, which I normally never have any issues with. The indication was: “Tony, if you attempt to go any higher you’ll run the risk of shitting your spine.”

So, I did the smart thing and called it.

I re-racked the plates, turned the page, and did my accessory work: DB reverse lunges, a little pouting in the corner, and some pull-throughs.

via GIPHY

Listen, it’s not a perfect system, nor is it anything remotely scientific. To be as transparent as possible: I am not anti-technology. But I am anti-technology to the point that many (not all) people tend to miss the forest for the trees when it comes to their readiness to workout.

If their Apple watch indicates a modicum of fatigue they’ll shut that shit down faster than you can say, well, apple.

Just because your watch says you should avoid training on any given day doesn’t necessarily mean you have to. Besides, I’m not entirely sold on the reliability of those apps anyway. I’ve had clients walk into a session feeling like a million bucks only to have their watch tell them danger, danger, DANGER, and to not even look at a barbell.

On the flip side, I’ve also had clients show up feeling like they made out with a petri dish, only to warm-up, move around a little, and then feel like Leonidas leading the Spartans to battle.

via GIPHY

Indicator sets help you learn to FEEL whether or not you’ve got the juice on any given day. In short: It’s a form of auto-regulation that helps you to not have to rely on some algorithm.

Plus, it’ll save you a few hundred dollars…😙

At least in this scenario you’ll have some tangible, performance-based evidence to help you gauge things. Muscle fatigue is one thing and tends to be easier for many people to use as a metric.

If you’re overly sore you can feel that and tweak your programming accordingly. CNS (or nervous system) fatigue is a bit more nebulous and harder to pinpoint, or even feel for that matter.

Indicator sets help you with the latter.

To that end, I encourage you to start utilizing indicator sets as part of your warm-up on the days you know you’re going to be pushing the envelop.

Pick a weight during your warm-up that you can use to “gauge” where you’re at that particular day. This number should be heavy enough to be challenging, but one you KNOW you can perform fast and with immaculate technique.

(this will likely be around 80% of your 1 rep-max)

Trust me. The whole mindset of lift heavy or go home – while admirable – isn’t always the best approach.

January 23, 2026January 23, 2026 Tony

personal training Program Design Strength Training

Maybe Your Shoulder Hurts Because Your Technique Sucks

Full Disclosure: I am not a fantastic presser. I’m not going to sit here and attempt to regal you with stories from high-school where I used to drive a Camaro, hookup with the Prom Queen, and bench 405 for reps (you know, before that nasty football injury in the State Championship ruined everything).

Nope, this is not that kind of story. I recognize the bench press often serves as a litmus test for general level of badassery, but I’ve always considered myself an average presser (personal best of 315 lbs at a bodyweight of sexy).

Or, in Dave Tate’s words “I suck.”

Not gonna argue with Dave…;o)

I know how to coach it, and have worked with many people in my years as coach to help them improve and increase their bench press. More commonly, though, is helping people work around a nagging shoulder injury that prevents them from “attacking” the lift in the first place.

NEWSFLASH: Many people complain that the bench press bothers their shoulder.

And while the first inclination is to nix the bench press altogether and jump into corrective exercise mode and start having people blow into balloons or perform any number of thoracic mobility or scapular stability drills to get at the (possible) root of the problem, I feel we sometimes need to pump the brakes.

I mean, I agree that for many people their upper back mobility is atrocious and that it’s likely a very good use of their time to address it. And yes, some people may have gunky tissue quality or less than exemplary scapular stability or kinematics which likely is playing a significant role in their ouchie shoulder.

A thorough assessment or appointment with a manual therapist can hopefully help.

But maybe, just maybe, the reason why someone’s shoulder(s) hurt during bench pressing is because their technique makes my eyes bleed?

*shrugs*

Maybe all they need is a little more coaching. As I always say:

“Correct movement can be corrective.”

This is why, when someone’s shoulder hurts during the bench press, my first “tier” to attack is technique. The fitness industry has become too corrective at the expense of coaching our athletes/clients. Taking the 5-10 minutes to address someone’s set-up can make a huge difference in how the movement feels.

Are they driving their upper traps into the bench?
Are they getting their scapulae retracted and depressed?
Do they press the bar up and out of the j-hooks, or do they “guide” the bar out?
Do they “let the bar settle” before they lower it?
Do they “meet the bar with their chest? Or do they allow their shoulders to roll forward?

All of these can be easy-to-fix snafus that may eliminate any shoulder discomfort during the bench press.

Bench Press Set-Up

What happens if you address technique, it’s sound, and the bench press still hurts? You can still implement other pressing variations that can work in the interim while you address the root cause(s).

Decline Bench Press

Think about what’s not happening during a decline bench press as opposed to a flat or incline bench variation?

In a decline there’s less shoulder flexion involved which helps keep many trainees out of the “danger zone” of shoulder pain. So if flat bench pressing hurts you may be able to get away with a decline.

Spoto Press (Invisible Board Press)

A common flaw I see is some people have a hard time “meeting the bar with their chest” and end up having their shoulders roll forward as they lower the barbell.

Popularized by Bench Press Captain America, Eric Spoto (722 lbs, unequipped), the Spoto Press is a variation to combat this where you stop the bar a few inches above the chest, pause, and then press back up.

When In Doubt, Use Dumbbells

When you grab a barbell with a pronated (overhand) grip, you “lock” the humerus in an internally rotated position which can be problematic since it narrows the acromion space.

Using dumbbells alleviates this issue because you can nudge a little more external rotation by adopting a neutral grip. This is a major reason why I prefer DB pressing variations for overhead athletes as opposed to straight bar.

Corrective Pressing Variations That Don’t Feel Corrective

While not always the case, a common thread I see when it comes to shoulder pain is the INability of the shoulder scapulae to be able to move. In order to move big weight you need to respect tension and stability. In some cases, however, the shoulder blades are kinda “stuck” (usually downward rotation) and lack the ability to move through a full ROM.

It’s still vital to be able to access scapular movement for overall shoulder health.

When this happens I prefer to use pressing variations that allow for a little more wiggle room. As in: we allow the shoulder blades a little breathing room. Push-ups will always be my first choice here. But relax, I recognize most would rather swallow a live grenade than read more about push-ups.

For those interested you can READ this brief article.

Off-Bench DB Press

Scooting a smidge to the side of a bench will allow more scapular movement. What’s nice about this exercise is that it’s also a great core exercise (you have to fire like crazy in order to not fall off the bench) in addition to an awesome way to further engage the glutes. You can’t quite see it with the angle of this video, but I’m also situated further down on the bench so my lower half isn’t resting on it.

Bottoms-Up Press – Off Foam Roller

I snaked this one off Dr. Joel Seedman. Using a KB and holding it in the bottoms-up position is a fantastic way to ramp up rotator cuff activation…you really have to fight to stabilize and keep the joint centrated.

Moreover, by lying on the foam roller the shoulder blades are now able to move to a higher degree. And, much like the off-bench variation above, there’s also a high degree of glute engagement as well as foot and ankle engagement.

And That’s That

Don’t be so quick to bust out the band external rotations and t-spine drills. Addressing technique on the bench press can be every bit as corrective in terms of addressing shoulder pain. Likewise, don’t be so quick to omit all pressing variations. All aren’t equal and it oftentimes is a matter of choosing the right variation for the individual and nice vice versa.

Press on.

August 29, 2025August 29, 2025 Tony

coaching personal training Program Design

How to Age-Proof Your Program Design Without Watering It Down

How to Age-Proof Your Program Design Without Watering It down

It’s been awhile since I’ve posted a guest post on this site and I figured it was long overdue.

Today’s post comes courtesy of Austin, TX based trainer and gym owner, Nathan Stowe. Nathan is a long-time friend and colleague of mine who has owned and operated his own jam – HERE – for a number of years. He’s worked predominantly with “older” populations for most of his career and knows a thing or two about how to train and write programs for them without treating them as if they’re going to break their hip just by looking at a barbell.

Age Ain’t Nuthin But a Number

I’ve been working with people over 50 on increasing their longevity for over 16 years—way before it was cool. In fact, Pat Rigsby once told me I might have the strongest solo training business in the country for this demographic…

And when I think about how it all started, it still makes me laugh.

I was only a month into my first personal training job, killing it on the sales floor thanks to my background—then I tore my ACL playing a game of “21” with a buddy. I walked home on it. My friend, ever helpful, said, “Well… maybe I should’ve gone to get the car.”

Silver lining? The injury gave me time to get my NASM Corrective Exercise Specialist cert. I figured I’d pair the education with the experience and become the go-to for banged-up clients.

Plus, the gym paid more per session if you had more certifications—so win-win.

When I came back, I was the “knee guy.”

And in a runner-heavy city like Austin, that meant I got a lot of reps with real clients. I found out fast what worked in the real world… and what was just textbook theory.

One day, my manager asked if I’d work with a client who had a back issue. I said, “Matt, I hurt my knee. I don’t know anything about the back.”

He said, “I know. But I trust you the most to figure it out.”

That line changed my career.

I found a guy online named Eric Cressey—maybe you’ve heard of him?

Note from TG: Never heard of the guy…🙃

I devoured everything he put out and got great results with that client. So Matt gave me a shoulder client next. I told him, “Now that’s even farther from knees.”

Same answer: “I trust you the most to figure it out.”

So I did.

Eric led me to Tony (oh, hello!), Dean Somerset, Mike Robertson, Mike Reinold, Bret Contreras… the Mount Rushmore of evidence-based training for adults who don’t want to live in the PT clinic.

The deeper I dove, the more I realized this was it. I didn’t want to be the guy coaching from 5am–10pm every day. I wanted to be the specialist—the “jacked-up but not giving up” coach. Turns out, that meant working with a lot of adults who were free on Tuesdays at 10am and had real stuff to work around—past injuries, surgeries, chronic pain, or fear from all of the above.

And when you work with enough people like that, you start to notice patterns…

Here are five timeless training techniques I use with every client over 50 to make progress without breakdown—whether they want to deadlift their bodyweight in their 70s or keep jumping in their 70s with Parkinson’s (true story).

1. Use Volume Instead of Intensity As Overload

You’d be shocked how many people stall out (or get hurt) jumping from a 15 lb dumbbell to a 20 lb one. But anyone can go from 1 set to 2 to 3.

Or from 8 reps to 10.

We build strength by layering volume—quietly and safely.

2. Use Range of Motion for Overload

Most people in their 60s are tighter than a snare drum.

Rather than chase perfect form out of the gate, I let ROM be the progression.

Start RDLs mid-thigh → then to the knee → then below the knee → then finally to the floor. Same thing with step-ups or split squats—stack 2 inches of range per month, and in a year they’re moving like they’re 20 years younger.

3. Use Tempo for Overload

You noticing the theme here?

More time under tension = more adaptation without jacking up the weight. We’ll add longer pauses. Slower eccentrics. Controlled transitions.

It builds control, resilience, and confidence—especially in people who feel fragile.

4. Glutes and Abs First. Everything Else Later

We go all-in on glutes and core for six months.

Why?

Because most of my clients come in with knees that feel like cement and glutes that forgot how to contract sometime around 2007.

My go-to progression:

Barbell Glute Bridge → Cable Pullthrough → RDL → Rack Pull → Trap Bar Block Pull → Floor Pull → THEN Squats.

All the while? We pair every movement with isometric ab work to control that pelvis and build true trunk control.

5. Push With the Body, Not Against It

Pushups. Landmines. Bands.

Anything that lets the shoulder blades move and the body find its own rhythm.

Once they can do a picture-perfect pushup? Then we talk dumbbells and barbells. I used to have shoulder flare-ups with half my clients by week 12.

Now?

I can’t remember the last time it happened.

These are just five of the tools I use daily. There are at least a dozen more I could list—and if you’re curious, I talk about all of them on my blog at StoweTraining.com.

About the Author

My name is Nathan “Nate” Stowe, and when I’m not being Ella’s dad or Laura’s husband, I dabble in personal training—helping people in Austin, Texas live longer and get stronger. I write daily, so if you liked this, you can find more at StoweTraining.com.

August 19, 2025August 19, 2025 Tony Gentilcore

personal training Program Design Uncategorized

How Much Weight Should I Use? (revisted)

There are few questions that illicit my inner Jaws theme music than the title of this blog post. Other nominations include

Hey, do you do CrossFit? – DA NUM

So I saw something on Instagram about this detox tea that supposedly makes you shit out your spleen, but whatever. I heard it’s totally healthy and worth it. Thoughts? – DAAAAAA NUM

Babe, can you empty the dishwasher? – DA NUM, DA NUM, DA NUM, DA NUM, DA NUM…

Admittedly, it comes across as a bit weird and hoity toity that I’d roll my eyes at such an obvious question I’d receive given what I do to pay my bills. I mean, would an accountant be so crass as to be annoyed at a client asking whether or not they deducted business expenses from their taxes? Would a family doctor not expect to be pelted with questions about cholesterol or how to manage diabetes on a daily basis?

Would Han Solo be irked about constantly bragging about completing the Kessel Run in less than twelve parsecs?

I think not!

It all comes with the territory and is part of the job.¹

To that end, I try my best to be a reliable source of information for my clients and I try to keep things as simple as possible. We live in an era where OVER information is a thing and it’s not surprising to me that so many people are confused and seemingly paralyzed over something as inane and common sense as to whether or not an apple is viewed as a viable snack (and that eating it, despite (evil word) glyphosate!, you won’t cause you to grow a third nipple).

One question I receive on an almost weekly (if not daily) basis is ~~can your pecs cut diamonds?~~ how much weight should I be using on this exercise?

Again, it’s a very relevant question to ask given what I do for a living, and one that, unfortunately, takes a little time to answer. When working with people in person I have this handy protocol I like to call “coaching” where I’m able to give them instant feedback on a set-by-set basis.

I’ll tell them to increase/decrease/or maintain weight on any given exercise as I see fit.

Sometimes I give them a sense of autonomy and allow them to choose how much weight feels comfortable to them (and allows them to execute good form), and then we just make an effort to increase the load in subsequent sessions.

The idea is to give them a maximal training effect using the minimum effective dose without causing harm or pain. Challenge people, encourage progressive overload, but not to the point where they feel like they can’t feel the right side of their face during their workout.

Pretty self-explanatory stuff. Also, here’s a hint: if your client can’t feel their face, please call an ambulance.

Where things get tricky is when people are on their own and don’t have someone telling them what to do.

What then?

Here Are Some Options/Considerations/Whathaveyou

For Beginner Lifters

I like two options:

1. Pick Something

As I alluded to above, just have them (or you yourself) choose a weight that you KNOW can be done with good technique and feels “doable” to them. The research is pretty hefty on this front…

…beginners can use as low as 40% of their 1-rep max on any given exercise and still see strength gains.

In other words, they can look at a dumbbell and get stronger.

You DO NOT need to load them very aggressively at the start. The goal should be to acclimate them to what it feels like to be under load and to build familiarity with the exercise.

Progress from there.

2. Provide a Rep Window

Once the initial shock of lifting heavy things has passed and you’re gaining some competence then what I prefer to do is give a “rep-window” to adhere to. In simplest terms let’s say someone’s program says to perform three sets of bench press at 8-12 repetitions (the rep window).

The goal would be to stay with the same load until the upper rep limit is attained on every set. This could take anywhere from one session to several weeks. With the latter it may look something like this:

Week 1

– Set #1: 175×12
– Set #2: 175×10
– Set #3: 175×9

Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iDVuQi4gdtk

Week 2

– Set #1: 175×12
– Set #2: 175×10
– Set #3: 175×10

Week 3

– Set #1: 175×12
– Set #2: 175×12
– Set #3: 175×10

Week 4

– Set #1: 175×12
– Set #2: 175×12
– Set #3: 175×12

NOW the weight can be increased 5-10 lbs. and you start the process all over again.

ADDENDUM: While this approach works very well 95% of the time, one thing you have to consider is that some people will invariably undershoot themselves. You’ll give them a rep range to follow (8-12) and they will follow it (increasing load accordingly), but they’ll end up using a load that they can easily perform 20 reps with. Alas, it’s human nature to take the path of least resistance. In this case what I like to do is to toss in a pop-quiz of sorts and to test them to see if they’re pushing themselves enough. On their last set I’ll instruct them to do an AMRAP (As Many Sets As Possible) set. Ideally, if they’re locked in it should look something like 12-10-9-8. If they’re fudging it, it will look something like 10-10-10-17.

Cue death stare here.

For Intermediate Lifters

To set the tone, to me, an intermediate lifter is someone who has had at least 2+ years of (serious) strength under their belt. Meaning, they’ve made a concerted effort to consistently train with barbells, dumbbells, kettlebells, machines, not Orange Theory for a minimum of two years.

At this point we’re likely past the point of utilizing a rep window to direct loading and we need something that takes into account day to day and week to week fluctuations in energy levels, stress levels, and general fuckery.

As I have been known to say in the past: some days we show up to the gym feeling like Thanos with all the Infinity Stones in hand and we can push the envelop with our training. Other days, not so much.

The stronger one gets and the more stress they’re putting on their body, the more important it is to understand that the “juice” isn’t always going to be there and that sometimes it’s just a matter of getting some quality reps in rather than hitting a pre-prescribed load or rep range. To steal a saying from a long-time colleague of mine, and owner of Bonvec Strength (located in western Massachusetts), Tony Bonvechio:

You need to teach people how to load themselves rather than telling them.

One tool to accomplish this is using the RPE or Rate of Perceived Exertion (although I prefer to say Effort) system.

Popularized by renowned strength coach, Mike Tuchscherer, the RPE system is a rating system that describes how hard or how much effort you should be applying to a lift.

Generally speaking it looks like this:

RPE 10: Maximal, no reps left in the tank

RPE 9: Last rep is tough but still one rep left in the tank

RPE 8: Weight is too heavy to maintain fast bar speed but isn’t a struggle; 2–4 reps left

RPE 7: Weight moves quickly when maximal force is applied to the weight; “speed weight”

RPE 6: Light speed work; moves quickly with moderate force

RPE 5: Most warm-up weights

RPE 4: Recovery; usually 20 plus rep sets; not hard but intended to flush the muscle

An RPE below four isn’t important.

So for example I may write in a program something like this:

A. Work up to 1×5 @ RPE 8 on Deadlift

B. then accumulate 15 total reps at 90% of top set above (3×5 or 5×3)

In this case if someone ends up ramping up to 1×5 @ 275 on their deadlift (at an RPE 8), then that means they’ll follow that with 3×5 or 5×3 at 90% of 275 which is 245-250 lbs. In this scenario I know that all subsequent repetitions are likely going to be “fast,” clean, and pristine and give the lifter an opportunity to accumulate training volume that won’t destroy him or her in the long-run.

To quote Coach Tuscherer:

If the RPE system seems awkward at first, don’t worry. You’ll get used to it and be able to use it quickly. An easy way to gauge the RPE of a set is to ask yourself how many more reps you could’ve done with a particular weight. This tends to be tough for the training hotheads who always want to go heavy but also for the timid who are afraid to push themselves. You must be disciplined to use this method effectively!

Is this approach perfect and a panacea for everyone. No. But I do find it provides a sound base for trainees to work off of and teaches them to listen to their bodies.

But like many people, I just haaaaaate repeating myself. I can thank the PTSD I got from working at Hollywood Video while in college and having to incessantly repeat myself on a Friday night to annoyed customers that Shrek 2 wasn’t available to rent. ↩︎

January 8, 2025January 8, 2025 Tony Gentilcore

personal training

Vetting Your Personal Trainer

I became a personal trainer and coach back in 2002. Shows like Alias and 24 were all the rage, *NSYNC still had Justin Timberlake, and The Two Towers was rocking my world. So much so that I went to the theater to see it like four times.¹

Admittedly, it seems like eons ago. I mean social media didn’t exist back then. Or Warby Parker for that matter!

Needless to say in the 20+ years I’ve been in “the biz,” I’ve seen my fair share of good trainers which make me proud to be in the industry, and bad trainers who make me sometimes want to light my face on fire.

I could sit here and type endlessly about the traits I feel any “good” trainer should encompass: a basic understanding of anatomy, movement, and program design would be a swell start. Do they look the part? As callous and nebulous as it may come across – what does looking the part even mean? – my friend Bryan Krahn hits the nail on the head:

“In the fitness industry, appearances matter. Now, that doesn’t mean six-pack abs or muscles the size of boulders need to be prerequisites for the job. But your trainer should be healthy with a physique that suggests some level of mastery in his chosen field. If they talk the talk, they should walk the walk.”

Do they dress professionally or as if they just stepped out of an MMA class? Are they punctual? Are they prepared and organized? Do they take the time to ask questions and perform some semblance of an initial assessment? Unfortunately I’ve witnessed a few trainers in my time do nothing more than demonstrate how to insert the pins on various Cybex machines as part of their “thorough assessment.”

Why not just make paper airplanes for an hour?

Are they friendly, personable, able to exhibit some empathy, and maybe most important of all, just generally a non-douchy person to be around? Because, lets be honest, no one wants to train with an asshole, much less pay for it.

All, I believe, in a slightly tongue-in-cheek way, are relevant questions and observations to note when deciding who to hire as your personal trainer. I find it weird how some people are more diligent with who changes the oil in their car more so than who’s in charge of telling them what to do with their own body.

Some Other Stuff to Consider

Finding the right personal trainer that fits your goals and needs can be just as much of a nuisance as car shopping. Granted few things are as annoying as car shopping – save for an uncontrollable eye twitch or yet another Taylor Swift song about breaking up with a dude (all of our fingers are crossed Travis) – and you (generally) don’t have to deal with the shady salesmen antics when seeking out a quality trainer.

However, this doesn’t mean you shouldn’t be on guard and go out of your way to be a more proactive consumer when hiring a personal trainer. Consider many people shell out upwards of $60-$90 per session (sometimes more depending on one’s location), it only makes sense to try to get the most for your personal training buck.

Two Questions to Ask a Trainer

Omitting the obvious questions such as “are you certified?(1)” or “do you have any references/testimonials to share?(2)” or “what’s your favorite hip hop album of all time?(3)” here are a handful of less common (albeit no less important) questions to ask a someone you’re considering in hiring.

(1) = Being certified is a “must have” when vetting a trainer. Gold standard certifications in the industry are NSCA, ACE, ISSA, NASM, and ACSM. Also, I believe any trainer who has gone through the Show Up Fitness course(s) is more than qualified as well.

(2) = Just having a few letters next to their name doesn’t mean much. Do they place a premium on continuing education? When’s the last time they attended a national conference? What’s the last book they read? Do they have a list of current clients you can contact about their own experience with this trainer? All are pertinent questions to ask, and questions any trainer should be able to answer without hesitation.

(3) = anything by Tribe Called Quest, Wu-Tang Clan, Gang Starr, or not anything past 1996 are acceptable answers here.

“Do You Workout Yourself?”

I understand it comes across as a bit uncouth or oxymoron(ish) to ask a trainer/coach if (s)he workouts. It’s analogous to asking Jason Bourne whether or not he knows where all the exit routes are when he enters a room, but it’s unsettling how often this happens.

Before co-founding my own facility in 2007 I worked in numerous commercial gyms beforehand, and it amazed me how many colleagues never worked out.

I’m not referring to looking the part (I.e., fit), which has already been covered above.

I’m referring to personal trainers who literally do not exercise themselves!

It’s a blunt question to ask, but if you’re going to spend good money hiring a trainer, do you really want someone to be in charge of your body who doesn’t practice what they preach?

“What’s Your Training Philosophy?

Likewise, it’s also smart to ask what a trainer’s general training philosophy is.

Are they someone who places an emphasis on strength training or are they more endurance based?

Do they include a thorough assessment – movement screens, going over injury and training history, etc – as part of their approach? If not, I’d say “bye, Felicia” and shop elsewhere.

More importantly, if they’re a competitive powerlifter, bodybuilder, figure competitor, or CrossFitter (to give a few examples), do they have the ability to separate their own training preferences to yours?

What good does it do you if you’re interested in improving your deadlift and squat numbers and your trainer has you performing a “bicep day” because it was his bicep day?

Or maybe you’re goal is to add some strength training to help you prepare for a half marathon. If so, why are you doing all these crazy MetCon workouts and kipping pull-ups?

The point is: your trainer should cater to YOUR training towards YOUR needs and goals. Not their own

Bonus: One Question a Trainer Should Never Ask You.

I can’t begin to tell you how many times I heard this question being asked when I worked in various commercial gyms.

A client would walk in, greet their trainer, and the trainer would then ask….

“So, what do you want to do today?”

Um, isn’t that what you’re paying THEM to figure out? That’s like me walking into my accountant’s office and him looking at me and saying, “so, you read up on all those new tax codes?”

This comes down to my comment above regarding organization and preparedness. Whomever you hire should have a game plan.

They should be writing programs not workouts!

This isn’t to say they shouldn’t ask for your feedback or insight on any given day – maybe you were up late the night prior with a sick kid or you had a long day at work and were thiiis close to ending your boss’s life – which may require tweaking that particular day’s session.

However, in the grand scheme of things, they should be prepared a head of time. With few exceptions they shouldn’t be “winging it.”

And, as you can guess, I was a massive hit with the ladies. ↩︎

November 14, 2024November 14, 2024 Tony

personal training Program Design Strength Training

The Illusion of Infinite Progression: 3 Strategies to Evolve Without Increasing Weight

I have an excellent guest post for you today. I was recently invited back onto the More Train, Less Pain Podcast hosted by my good friends Dr. Michelle Boland and Dr. Tim Richardt.

This season on their show they’re focusing on training around injury. This is one of my wheel houses (alongside deadlifts, how to look jacked even while wearing sweatpants, and Ted Lasso), as I am always preaching the benefits of finding each client’s or athlete’s TRAINABLE MENU.

My episode – #13 – dropped today (links below), but in concert with that Tim was kind enough to write a little “companion piece” that ties in nicely with the overall theme of the show.

I hope you check both of them out.

3 Strategies to Evolve Without Increasing Weight

If you’re reading this blog, chances are you’re a big fan of lifting heavy things. On this we can agree, and be friends.

via GIPHY

Think back to the first time you consistently trained a squat- Linkin Park blaring, a thin haze of aerosolized pre-workout and chalk filling the air – and being able to add 5-10 pounds, like clockwork, week after week after week.

It’s the honeymoon phase of strength training- nothing hurts and there’s seemingly no impediment to riding this sweet, sweet train of linear progression to, inevitably, being able to sit down and stand up with the weight of a Honda Fit on your back.

But, like all marriages, reality eventually has to settle in.

Over the years, aches, injuries, and movement limitations accumulate and the simple strategy of adding more pounds to the bar is suddenly not so viable.

What, then, is an iron warrior to do?

I host a podcast called More Train, Less Pain (on which the venerable Tony Gentilcore has guested twice), along with another contributor to Tony’s blog- Michelle Boland- where we dive deep on strategies to keep people training hard in the gym despite injuries and mobility restrictions.

The focus of our current season is on maintaining a strength training practice in the setting of persistent pain, something of personal obsession of mine as I’ve struggled with persistent hip pain due to congenital structural hip defects for virtually my entire adult life. Over the past dozen or so episodes, we’ve talked with some of the brightest minds in the industry (Mike Boyle, Bill Hartman, some schlub we’ll call “Tony G”) about this very problem, and one theme keeps re-emerging over and over. We can’t keep progressing load forever. Infinite progression, in the weight room or any other endeavor, is a myth.

NOTE From TG: You can listen to my most recent chat with Tim HERE – titled “Easy Training, Stoplights, and Making Bigger Cups.”

In order to stay in the strength training game and continue to build muscle, power, and movement quality, we need to find ways to evolve our exercise selection and programming strategies so that we can continue to train without creating undesirable tissue damage or reducing access to comfortable range of motion.

Below are three strategies to do just that, lifted directly from this season’s podcast guests and thoroughly vetted by my own personal and professional experience.

1. Timed Sets

In the most straightforward manner of progressing lifts, we add load to the bar every week, keeping the set/rep/rest scheme the same, essentially the missionary of the strength-training world.

Not THAT missionary. Head out of the gutter

As we stated – this works…until it doesn’t. What if, instead of increasing load, we simply increase time under tension? In fact, what if we throw away the conventional “rep” dosing structure and just endeavor to dose an exercise by time, increasing the time (under tension) over the course of a 6 week training block.

In practice, that progression might look something like this.

Exercise Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4

Foam Roller Wall Squat 3×1′ 4×1′ 4×90″ 4×2′

In this way, we can accumulate absurdly high amounts of workload (and stimulus) with reduced axial loading. If you struggle with SI joint pain every time you get under a bar loaded with over your bodyweight, give a single set of a 2’ timed Roller Wall Squat a try.

With only a fraction of the loading required for a conventionally-dosed barbell back squat, you’ll still feel every bit as fatigued, and continue to stay engaged with the training process as you build time under tension across a program.

This strategy works particularly well for exercises where increasing weight isn’t convenient due to the nature of the position or loading- think anything with a zercher or goblet hold OR a position that requires a more involved set up.

2. EMOM Supersets

People in our industry love talking s&^t about CrossFit, but they’ve popularized several things that have impacted the general fitness landscape for the better – gymnastics skills, concurrent training, snorting lines of grass fed whey protein isolate before a set of 30 hang snatches, and EMOM sets.

In an EMOM set, you’ll keep the load of an exercise the same but perform a certain number of reps every minute on the minute (EMOM).

In my own training, I’ve found it useful to combine two exercises into an EMOM superset – meaning that every minute we’ll do a predetermined number of reps for each exercise, rest for the remainder of that minute, and repeat. In practice, a 6 week progression might look like this:

Exercise Rest Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4

A1. Trap Bar DL 0′ 4×3 5×3 6×3 7×3

A2. Alt. 1-Arm DB Bench Remainder of 60″ 4×8 5×8 6×8 7×8

Trap Bar DL EMOM

1-Arm DB Bench Press EMOM

The cool thing about EMOM sets, especially for athletes making the switch from conventional, load-obsessed strength training, is that they possess an entirely novel strategy for dramatically ramping up total load in a program without increasing axial load for any one particular set.

Mathematically, we can contrast a session of EMOM deadlifts with a session of conventionally-progressed deadlifts, which would look something like this:

Exercise Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Week 4 Workload

TBDL 6×3 @ 225 8×3 @ 225 10×3 @ 225 12×3 @ 225 8,100 lbs

TBDL 6×3 @ 255 6×3 @ 275 6×3 @ 295 6×3 @ 305 5,490 lbs

Over time, this may represent a more sustainable long term strategy for continuing to progress workload when absolute loading on any given repetition can no longer be increased. Additionally, plugging a few EMOM supersets into your training each week can serve as a mild conditioning stimulus for those who struggle to fit in aerobic work.

3. Feel-Based Training

The previous two strategies have emphasized unconventional strategies for increasing the overall workload of a training session, but our final strategy is a different beast altogether.

We love to think about increasing an exercise’s output via weight on the bar or overall pounds lifted throughout working sets. But what if we got “stronger” simply by executing an exercise more efficiently, potentially using a larger range of motion, while making no changes to dosing or loading throughout a cycle?

Depending on a client’s goals and injury history, somewhere between 20%-50% of exercises I program will be progressed by “feel” alone. This means they’re not allowed to do anything “more” over their 4 week cycle. Not more load, not more reps, not faster reps, not even more cowbell.

via GIPHY

We’re deliberately freezing these variables to clear cognitive bandwidth for getting as close as possible to *flawless* execution of the drill.

In something like a FFESS, for example, I may stick to 4 sets of 8 reps per leg throughout the entire cycle, loaded with a #25 KB in a goblet hold, but endeavor to improve other aspects of performance. Can a client maintain foot contacts on both the front and rear foot? Does their pelvis stay fairly level in the frontal plane? Do they control the degree of anterior and posterior pelvic tilt at the top and bottom of the range of motion, respectively?

Can they get the back knee further down towards the ground? Are they able to push UP and BACK to take advantage of the retropropulsive, joint-opening qualities of this drill?

In some ways, this is the most boring option for “progression,” but if you can get it into your and your client’s respective heads that we can freeze dosing and simply work on movement integrity and fidelity, a myriad of other training options open.

And options, more than anything else, help folks train consistently for years to come.

If you liked the content in this article, I’d recommend checking out More Train, Less Pain; Engineering the Adaptable Athlete- S3E13 with Tony drops today.

Available on both Spotify and Apple Podcasts.

About the Author

Tim Richardt is a Colorado-based Doctor of Physical Therapy and Strength and Conditioning Coach. He works with runners, climbers, CrossFitters, and tactical/mountain athletes to better help them manage long standing injuries and reach higher levels of physical performance. He also mentors young clinicians and coaches to help them develop their own unique treatment/training model. You can find out more about him at TimRichardt.com or through his IG HERE.

December 4, 2023June 19, 2024 Tony

personal training

The Lost Art of Saying I Don’t Know in the Fitness Industry

“I don’t know.”

Three words a large swath of fitness professionals have a wretched relationship with.

Copyright: salamatik / 123RF Stock Photo

The Lost Are of Saying “I Don’t Know”

The prevailing thought, it seems, is that admitting ignorance is a sign of weakness or that you’ll somehow lose credibility points for not knowing the answer to a client’s question…

…as if the fitness industry’s equivalent of Unella is stealthily lurking somewhere to shame walk you down a corridor for not memorizing every delicate step of the Kreb’s Cycle.

Shame, shame, SHAME!!

via GIPHY

Listen, there are some things a personal trainer/coach likely should have a firm grasp on:

The muscles of the rotator cuff?…✅
How to program around low back or knee pain?…✅
How many calories in a gram of protein?…✅
Who Mel Siff is?…✅

But you can’t expect to know EVERYTHING about anything:

Where’s the Levator ani located?…🤷‍♂️
And, more importantly, what the hell is the Levator ani?…🤷‍♂️¹
What are the benefits and pitfalls of concurrent periodization?…🤷‍♂️
What’s the atomic number of Adamantium?…🤷‍♂️

Maybe you knew the answer to all of the above, and if so, can we hang out? But if not, and on the off-chance someone in your life – whether it be a client, colleague, or your second cousin on your stepmother’s side – asked, and you didn’t know the answer, how would you handle it?

Rather than play hero, pretend to be an all-knowing smarty pants Spartan Jedi Wizard deadlifting demigod, and manufacture some false, pseudo-intellectual response…I’ve found it to be best practice to be honest with clients.

Simply put, to say…

“I don’t know.”

This bleeds of authenticity and I’ve found that, 100% of the time, clients appreciate and respect the honesty. Kind of like when you do someone a solid and let them know they’ve got something in their teeth.

via GIPHY

I’ve never lost a client because I was unable to answer their question regarding the functions of the psoas muscle or, I don’t know, the efficacy of heart rate variability training in undertrained grizzly bears.

Namely because 1) I TOTALLY KNOW WHAT THE FUNCTIONS OF THE PSOAS ARE and 2) the latter is ridiculous.

But too, it just never happened.

If I don’t know the answer to a question or a client asks to dive deeper into something I have little expertise in, I’ll say “I don’t know,” followed by “but I know someone who does. I’ll ask them.”

This happened to me not long ago.

I had a client express interest in learning more about the Olympic lifts. Up until that point she and I had been working together for several months focusing on the basic barbell lifts – deadlift, squat, bench press, etc.

She was a stark newbie when she walked into CORE the first day but had made a ton of progress in a short amount of time. It wasn’t long before she started asking whether or not I’d be willing to add OLY lifts into her programming?

(cue crickets chirping on my end)

Full Disclosure: I don’t have a lot of experience performing – let alone teaching – the OLY lifts. I even wrote about why I don’t include OLY lifting in my programs HERE. TL/DR version: I’m more qualified to fly an Apache Helicopter than teach a passable barbell split jerk.

Without blinking an eye I connected her to a handful of coaches in the Boston area more equipped to help her out.

And it couldn’t have worked out more splendidly.

She sent me the most gracious email a few weeks later saying how much fun she was having and that she had “found her people.”

Some people reading may say something to the effect of “dude, Tony, you lost a client. That’s the opposite of what I want to happen to me.”

Touche.

In the literal sense I did lose a client.

However, what do you think is the likely outcome when she’s approached by one of her family members or friends or colleagues asking if she knows of any reputable trainers in the area?

She’s going to refer them to this guy that’s what’s going to happen.²

If There’s Two Things to Remember From This Post…

1. Your clients won’t care that you don’t know the answer to something. Saying “I don’t know” is the responsible response.

Followed by “but I will try my best to find the answer for you.”

2. Don’t think pointing your clients towards other fitness professionals (especially locally) is a poor business decision. In my experience every time I’ve done so has resulted in the same client referring more people to me. Once they understand you have their best interests in mind they’ll often reward you with unabashed loyalty.

3. Just to be clear: I don’t know shit about fuck when it comes to the Kreb’s Cycle.

April 19, 2023 Tony

Motivational personal training

The Most Important Metric of a Training Program Is…

[Cue EPIC drum roll here]

First…lets first delve into what’s not important:

Access to special, fancy schmancy equipment.³
Being anal about nutrient timing/intake.⁴
Posting a picture or video of every workout and every exercise you performed on Instagram.⁵
Following the programs elite lifters do.⁶
The whole BS notion that muscle confusion is a “thing.”⁷

And Those Things That are Important. But Really Only Kinda-Sorta Important. Actually, We’re All Just a Bunch of A-Holes Who Like to Argue Over the Internet

Exercise selection
Exercise order
Exercise technique
Goal(s). Powerlifting vs. bodybuilding vs. OLY lifting vs. CrossFit vs. Fat Loss vs. Mechagodzilla
Training history/age
Past and current injury history
Ideal number of sets/reps
Time of day to workout
Length of workout
Best exercises to make your pecs cut diamonds

[EPIC drum roll is still cued]

Facetious tone aside, all of the things mentioned above are important and play an important role in program design.

However, there’s one metric that seems to always get overlooked.

And that is…..

Attendance

“The most important metric of a training program’s success is…attendance. People need to show up”

You can write the most baller scientifically-based program addressing all the criteria listed above that’s based off block periodization with meticulous percentages written in, laminated with Vladimir Zatsiorsky’s⁸ chest hair, and none of it will matter if people don’t show up.

Make no mistake…getting people to “show up” is a skill in of itself.

Of course, the monetary commitment to hire a personal trainer or coach is enough to motivate most people to “show up.” But even then it’s often a crap-shoot, let alone entices someone to invest their time (and in themselves) long-term.

There are numerous, outside-the-box factors that often come into play:

The ability to listen to and validate someone. Are you a trainer/coach who likes to “win” or prove to everyone how smart you are and how you’re always right? Better, less uppity communication skills can have a profound impact on your sales and retention as a trainer/fitness business.⁹
It’s not about you. It’s about THEM. Get your clients to talk about themselves.¹⁰
Take the time to introduce your clients to one another. Maybe you have two clients who really enjoy squatting or, I don’t know, old-school Jean-Claude Van Damme movies. Either way, introducing client A to client B often helps build camaraderie and community.
With regards to program design: It’s not necessarily about choosing the best exercise possible to entertain people. Rather, it’s about choosing the most appropriate exercise(s) to better set people up for immediate and long-term success. These are really boring.
“Think trainer, speak client.”¹¹You in your head: “Dan is really crushing his posterior Mediastinum on those squats.” You to Dan: “don’t arch so much in your lower back.”
Design for your space. You don’t always need all the bells and whistles to impress people. Audit your equipment. Almost always, the less you have, the better your programs will be. Most people don’t need as much variety as they think they need anyways.
Strive to make your clients autonomous.
Play more Wu-Tang. Just, because.

This is by no means an exhaustive list, but I do feel serves as a delicious amuse bouche in helping fitness professionals understand that it’s not always about credentials, certifications, and deadlifts.

Getting people to show up via other means is often the key to effective program writing.

December 2, 2022 Tony